Double Cross
About this object
History of use
Silver ornaments represent an important part of early exchange between Europeans, including fur traders, and first nations people, especially in Eastern and Central Canada and the USA. Initially, the main sources of silver were British, French, and Spanish coins. Most ornaments were produced by silversmiths of European origin in North America and Europe, and were actively traded only from 1760 to 1821. By the mid-18th century silver objects were produced in New England, Quebec and Montreal. Silver was used by first nations people as a sign of rank. Silver ornaments in these styles continue to be produced by native silversmiths in Central Canada and the USA. The cross was the oldest form of trade silver, introduced by French missionaries to North America for presentation to converts. Crosses were later used as trade silver with no religious connotations. They circulated well into the 19th century, and were worn on the chest.
Cultural context
trade; personal ornamentation; political alliance
Specific techniques
Rocker engraving is a freehand technique. Irregularity is characteristic.
Physical description
Lorraine cross with cloverleaf terminals on bars and top. Bottom shaped like a stand. Zigzag engraving. Cross stamped at intersection of lower bar and maker's stamp at intersection of upper bar. Hole at top of cross.
Categories
Materials
Date Made
1752-1769
Date Acquired
9 Sep 1993
How Acquired
Donated
Credit Line
Measurements
0.3 x 6.7 x 3.5 cm
Object Number
1590/94